An Introduction to EMDR Therapy: Understanding Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing

Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) is a therapy designed to help people process trauma and reduce emotional distress. Originally developed by Dr. Francine Shapiro, EMDR has been shown to help with a range of mental health issues, including PTSD, anxiety, and depression. Here’s a brief overview of what EMDR is, how it works, and what to expect if you’re considering it as a treatment option:

What is EMDR Therapy?

EMDR therapy is a structured, eight-phase approach that helps individuals reprocess traumatic memories. Unlike traditional talk therapy, EMDR doesn’t require clients to discuss every detail of their traumatic experiences. Instead, it uses guided eye movements or other bilateral stimulation (such as tapping or buzzers) to help the brain reprocess memories and ease emotional distress.

How Does EMDR Work?

The core idea behind EMDR is that the brain can heal itself from distressing memories, much like it can recover from physical wounds. When trauma occurs, however, memories can become “stuck,” which may cause symptoms like flashbacks and anxiety. During EMDR, a therapist guides the client in recalling a specific memory while using eye movements or other bilateral stimulation. This process helps the brain process the memory in a way that reduces its emotional impact, allowing for healing.

What to Expect in an EMDR Session

EMDR follows eight phases:

History-Taking and Planning – The therapist assesses your background and trauma history.

Preparation – You’ll learn grounding and relaxation techniques to manage emotions during therapy.

Assessment – The therapist and client identify a target memory and its components.

Desensitization – Eye movements (or other stimulation) are introduced as you focus on the memory.

Installation – Positive beliefs replace distressing thoughts related to the memory.

Body Scan – You check for any remaining physical distress tied to the memory.

Closure – Each session ends with relaxation techniques to help you feel grounded.

Re-evaluation – At the next session, progress is reviewed and the next steps are planned.

Who Can Benefit from EMDR?

EMDR is effective for a variety of issues beyond PTSD, such as anxiety, depression, phobias, grief, chronic pain, and performance anxiety. Because it doesn’t require discussing traumatic details at length, it can be particularly helpful for people who find talk therapy overwhelming.

How do I know if EMDR would be a good option for me?

If you’re dealing with trauma or symptoms linked to past experiences, EMDR might be worth exploring. The therapy is shorter-term for many people, often lasting between six and 12 sessions, and research shows it’s effective in reducing symptoms. However, it’s not for everyone; some may need a different approach.

If you’re interested in trying EMDR, Mackenzie Ulam has recently been trained in the approach and is accepting new clients.